Meneladani Nabi Muhammad dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Servant-Leadership dan Perilaku Khidmat

Abstract

Abstrak: Proses pembelajaran materi Agama Islam di Indonesia mendapatkan peringatan dari hasil riset PPIM yang menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam menumbuhkan sikap intoleransi. Ini berarti proses pembelajaran materi ajaran Islam didorong untuk melakukan perubahan metode atau bahkan materinya agar sikap intoleransi tidak lagi menjadi hasil dari pembelajarannya. Paper ini bertujuan mengajukan model pembelajaran materi ajaran Islam, melalui pembelajaran Tauhid, yang dapat mendorong munculnya sikap Servant-Leadership dan perilaku khidmat (prosocial behavior). Sikap Servant-Leadership(dalam arti pemimpin yang melayani) dan khidmat (perilaku prososial dalam melayani orang lain) dianggap dapat menjadi jembatan bagi munculnya sikap toleransi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Research and Development (R&D) terhadap 208 Mahasiswa semester pertama Fakultas Ushuludin UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung tahun ajaran 2017-2018. Untuk mengukur peneladanan digunakan Skala yang dimodiifkasi dari CPI (Celebrity Personal Identification) dari Brown Bocarnea, kuesioner Servant Leadership diadaptasikan dari Liden, dan  kuesioner khidmat menggunakan pengukuran dari Nickell, G. "The Helping Attitudes Scale”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peneladanan terhadap Nabi Muhammad saw berpengaruh pada sikap servant-leadership, namun tidak berpengaruh pada sikap khidmat (prososial behavior).  Implementasi dari riset ini dapat menjadi pijakan bagi penemuan motode pengajaran materi ajaran Islam.

Kata Kunci: pembelajaran Tauhid, teologi, peneladanan, khidmat, servant-leader, manajemen.

Abstract: The learning process of Islamic material in Indonesia received a warning from the results of PPIM research that showed the influence of Islamic Religious Education lessons in fostering intolerance. This means that the learning process of Islamic teaching materials is encouraged to change the method or even the material so that the attitude of intolerance is no longer the result of learning. This paper aims to propose a model of learning Islamic teaching material, through monotheism learning, which can encourage the emergence of Servant-Leadership attitudes and solemn behavior (prosocial behavior). Servant-Leadership attitude (in the sense of a leader who serves) and solemn (prosocial behavior in serving others) is considered to be a bridge for the emergence of tolerance. The study was conducted by the Research and Development (R&D) method of 208 first semester students of the Ushuludin Faculty of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung in the 2017-2018 school year. To measure the model, a modified MMI (Celebrity Personal Identification) CPI (Brown Bocarnea) model was used, the Servant Leadership questionnaire was adapted from Liden, and the solemn questionnaire used measurements from Nickell, G. "The Helping Attitudes Scale." The results showed that the example of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) affected servant-leadership attitudes, but did not affect the solemn attitude (prosocial behavior). The implementation of this research can be the basis for the discovery of methods of teaching Islamic teaching materials.

Keywords: Monotheism learning, theology, modeling, solemnity, servant-leader, management