Fiqh of Moderation: An Inclusive, Flexible, and Contextual Approach for Contemporary Muslim Societies

Abstract

Globalization has intensified religious encounters, diversity, and socio-cultural change, which often generate tensions within religious communities. This article explores religious moderation as an Islamic response to the challenges posed by globalization, particularly in managing diversity and maintaining social cohesion. The study addresses the question of how Islamic teachings on moderation can be contextualized to respond constructively to global social dynamics. Employing a qualitative literature-based method with a socio-religious and interpretative approach, this research analyzes classical Islamic concepts alongside contemporary discussions on religious moderation. The findings reveal that religious moderation functions as a strategic framework that enables Muslims to engage positively with diversity, adapt to social change, and prevent exclusivist religious attitudes. The study highlights the relevance of religious moderation as an adaptive and inclusive paradigm within globalized societies and contributes to broader discussions on religion and social harmony.