FACING THE CHALLENGES OF ISLAMOPHOBIA
A Study on The Message of Peace in The Qur'an Through the Ma’na cum Maghza Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30631/tjd.v24i1.551Keywords:
Islamophobia, Peace, Qur'an, Ma'na Cum Maghza, ToleranceAbstract
This study aims to uncover the messages of peace in the Qur'an using the ma’na cum maghza approach and analyze their application in addressing the challenges of islamophobia in the modern era. The research employs thematic tafsīr analysis using a qualitative approach, focusing on verses that convey messages of peace, such as al-Baqarah (2:256), al-Mumtaḥanah (60:8), and al-Anfāl (8:61). These verses are examined based on their literal meanings and universal values relevant to the contemporary context. The findings reveal that the Qur'anic messages consistently emphasize the values of tolerance, justice, and peace, which can serve as a foundation for countering negative stereotypes about Islam. The ma’na cum maghza approach enables a deep and practical interpretation of these verses, particularly in the fields of education, media, and global diplomacy. The study also identifies practical strategies for Muslim communities to proactively address islamophobia, such as promoting positive narratives in the media and developing curricula based on Qur'anic values. The study concludes that the Qur'an's messages of peace are not only relevant in the context of islamophobia but also contribute to efforts to build social harmony and global peace. The novelty of this research lies in the use of the ma’na cum maghza approach to contextually elaborate the Qur’anic messages of peace in response to islamophobia—an area that has received limited attention in previous studies.
References
Abbas, Tahir. “The Symbiotic Relationship between Islamophobia and Radicalisation.” Critical Studies on Terrorism 5, no. 3 (December 1, 2012): 345–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/17539153.2012.723448.
Afif, Fakhri, M. Rodinal Khair Khasri, and M. Ilham Ulul Azmi Khasri. “Post-Truth And Qur’an: Hacking The Truth Decay Through The Qur’anic Epistemological-Ethical Vision.” Religia 27, no. 2 (October 30, 2024): 162–95. https://doi.org/10.28918/religia.v27i2.8562.
Aji, Nahrul Pintoko. “Metode Penafsiran Al-Quran Kontemporer ; Pendekatan Ma’na Cum Maghza Oleh Dr. Phil. Sahiron Syamsuddin, MA.” Humantech : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia 2, no. Spesial Issues 1 (January 31, 2022): 250–58. https://doi.org/10.32670/ht.v2iSpesial.
Akbar, Hikmatul, Noorhaidi Hasan, and Dicky Sofjan. “Sacred Text Narratives and Religious Violence: The Case of Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) in Indonesia.” Afkaruna: Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies 19, no. 2 (December 27, 2023): 217–30. https://doi.org/10.18196/afkaruna.v19i2.16884.
Alfredsson, Gudmundur, and Asbjørn Eide. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A Common Standard of Achievement. London: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2023.
Ardinal, Eva, Nurul Alamin, Luqyana Azmiya Putri, Ainil Khuryati, and Oki Mitra. “Religious Moderation Curriculum Reception Based On Qur’ani Principles.” At Turots: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, February 9, 2023, 19–34. https://doi.org/10.51468/jpi.v5i2.152.
‘Asyur, Muhammad al-Tahir Ibn. Tafsir Al-Tahrir Wa al-Tanwir. Tunisia: al-Dar al-Tunisiah li al-Nasyr, 1984.
Bleich, Erik. “What Is Islamophobia and How Much Is There? Theorizing and Measuring an Emerging Comparative Concept.” American Behavioral Scientist 55, no. 12 (December 1, 2011): 1581–1600. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764211409387.
Buaban, Jesada. “Islamophobia as Represented by Thai Buddhist Organizations.” Journal of Social Sciences 50, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 125–47. https://digital.car.chula.ac.th/cujss/vol50/iss2/7.
Dauda, Kazeem Oluwaseun. “Islamophobia and Religious Intolerance: Threats to Global Peace and Harmonious Co-Existence.” QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies) 8, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 257–92. https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v8i2.6811.
Demony, Catarina. “Israel-Gaza War Fuels Record Level of Anti-Muslim Hatred in Britain, Monitoring Group Says.” Reuters. Accessed May 17, 2025. https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/israel-gaza-war-fuels-record-level-anti-muslim-hatred-britain-monitoring-group-2025-02-19/.
Diallo, Rokhaya. “A Worshipper Is Murdered in a French Mosque. How Can This Be ‘Just Another Crime’?” The Guardian, May 13, 2025, sec. Opinion. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/may/13/worshipper-murdered-french-mosque-politicians-crime-islamophobia.
Hamka. Tafsir Al-Azhar. Jakarta: Pustaka Panjimas, 1982.
Hardivizon, Hardivizon, and Mufutau Olusola Bello. “The Relevance of Justice Values in the Qur’an to Modern Legal Systems: The Ma’na Cum Maghza Approach.” Proceedings of International Conference on Religion, Social and Humanities 3 (November 20, 2024): 83–96. https://proceedings.uinmybatusangkar.ac.id/index.php/icresh/article/view/7.
Hilmi, Nasywa. “Exploring the Concept of Peace in Islamic Teachings: A Comprehensive Analysis of Surah Al-Anfāl Ayat 61.” HEUTAGOGIA: Journal of Islamic Education 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 249–58. https://doi.org/10.14421/hjie.2023.32-09.
Ibnu Kathir, Abu al-Fida` Ismail bin Umar. Tafsīr Al-Qur’ān al-‘Aẓīm. Riyadh: Dar al-Thayyibah li an-Nasyr wa at-tauzi’, 1923.
Khaliq, Abdul, Sobihatun Nur Abdul Salam, and Muhammad Sai. “Pemahaman QS. al-Mumtaḥanah Ayat 8-9 dan Relevansinya dengan Hubungan antar Umat Beragama di Indonesia.” Jurnal Semiotika-Q: Kajian Ilmu al-Quran dan Tafsir 4, no. 2 (August 28, 2024): 577–88. https://doi.org/10.19109/jsq.v4i2.23289.
Layeghi, Fatemeh, Abbas Hemami, and Mohammad Reza Aram. “Guardianship Prevention Strategies of the Believers from the Infidels Based on the Structural Interpretation of Surah Al-Mumtaḥanah.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 8 (August 18, 2021): 378–89. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i8.2914.
Marranci, Gabriele. “Multiculturalism, Islam and the Clash of Civilisations Theory: Rethinking Islamophobia.” Culture and Religion 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 105–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/0143830042000200373.
Mustofa, Ahmad Zainal, and Nurus Syarifah. “The Meaning of Al-Hurriyyah in QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 256 and QS. al-Kahfi [18]: 29: A Maqâṣid Approach of Ibn ‘Asyur.” Jurnal Ushuluddin 29, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 31–44. https://doi.org/10.24014/jush.v29i1.10661.
Nurkamiden, Sukrin, Ida Hanifah, and Waliko Waliko. “Establishing Religious Freedom: An Overview of the Quran and Hadith in the Indonesian Context (Study of Tafsir Qurais Shihab Qs. Al-Baqarah Verse 256).” Citizen : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia 3, no. 3 (August 31, 2023). https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v3i3.399.
Ozer, Simon, and Milan Obaidi. “Globalization and Radicalization: The Rise of Extreme Reactions to Intercultural Contact, Sociocultural Disruption, and Identity Threat.” In Globalized Identities: The Impact of Globalization on Self and Identity, edited by Iva Katzarska-Miller and Stephen Reysen, 107–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04644-5_5.
Qorib, Muhammad, and Rahmat Rifai Lubis. “The Defensive Fortress for Strengthening Religious Harmony: The Existence and Strategy of Pioneers in Religious Moderation to Educate Muslims in Sumatera Utara.” Kurdish Studies 11, no. 3 (December 15, 2023): 162–77. https://kurdishstudies.net/menu-script/index.php/KS/article/view/1175.
Rahman, Fazlur. Islamic Methodology in History. Karachi: Central Institute of Islamic Research, 1954.
Saeed, Abdullah. Interpreting The Al-Qur’an Towards a Comtemporary Approach. New York: Roudledge, 2006.
Şafak, Yeni. “Anti-Muslim Hate Crime on Rise in Europe since October 2023: EU Islamophobia Chief | News.” Text. Yeni Şafak. Yeni Şafak. Accessed May 17, 2025. https://www.yenisafak.com/en/news/anti-muslim-hate-crime-on-rise-in-europe-since-october-2023-eu-islamophobia-chief-3700891.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Membumikan Al-Qur’an. Bandung: Mizan, 1996.
———. Tafsir Al-Mishbah. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2000.
Shohib, Muhammad. “Menelusuri Etika Bermasyarakat: Analisis Perspektif Wahbah Al-Zuhaili Dalam Kitab Al-Tafsir Al-Munir Fi Al-Aqidah, Al-Shari’ah, Dan Al-Manhaj.” Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan Dan Kemasyarakatan 18, no. 4 (June 27, 2024): 2859–80. https://doi.org/10.35931/aq.v18i4.3612.
Soltanieh, Mohammad, Mohammadreza Ghaeminik, and Mohammad Rafigh. “Analysis of Human Relations in Surah Al-Anfāl Based on the Theory of Istikhlaf.” Applied Research in the Field of Quran and Hadith 2, no. 3 (November 22, 2022): 56–78. https://arq.quran.ac.ir/article_173850_en.html.
Spalek, Basia, and Robert Lambert. “Muslim Communities, Counter-Terrorism and Counter-Radicalisation: A Critically Reflective Approach to Engagement.” International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, Muslim Communities post 9/11 - citizenship, security and social justice, 36, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 257–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2008.08.004.
Statista. “Prevalence of Discrimination among Muslims in Europe 2022.” Statista. Accessed May 17, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1551354/share-muslims-experienced-discrimination-europe/.
Syamsuddin, Sahiron. “Ma’na-Cum- Maghza Aproach to the Qur’an: Interpretation of Q. 5:51,” 131–36. Atlantis Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.2991/icqhs-17.2018.21.
Ṭabarī, Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd al-. Jāmi‘ al-Bayān Fī Ta’Wīl al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1992.
Tezi, Yüksek Lisans. “Role of International Organizatıons in Regional Cooperation: Case Study of Azerbaijan in the System of Organization of Islamic Cooperation.” Thesis, Marmara Universitesi. Accessed January 6, 2025. https://www.proquest.com/openview/ca6dd25c1108063ff1a36e57dca8fea6/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2026366&diss=y.
The Economic Times. “US Anti-Muslim Incidents Hit Record High in 2023 Due to Israel-Gaza War.” The Economic Times. Accessed May 17, 2025. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/us-anti-muslim-incidents-hit-record-high-in-2023-due-to-israel-gaza-war/articleshow/108961556.cms.
Wiles, Ellen. “Headscarves, Human Rights, and Harmonious Multicultural Society: Implications of the French Ban for Interpretations of Equality.” Law & Society Review 41, no. 3 (September 2007): 699–736. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5893.2007.00318.x.
Wusko, Urwatil. “Peranan Council on American Islamic Relations (CAIR) Dalam Membangun Citra Islam Di Amerika.” Universitas Indonesia Library. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia, 2008. https://lib.ui.ac.id.
Yunitasari, Hanifatul Sahro. “Analysis of Religious Issues and Interfaith Relations from Surah Al-Baqarah: 256, A Study of the Tafsir Al-Azhar.” Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity), 2023, 2350–54. https://proceedings.ums.ac.id/iseth/article/view/5150.
Zuḥaylī, Wahbah ibn Muṣṭafā al-. Tafsīr Al-Munīr Fī al-‘Aqīdah Wa al-Syarī‘ah. Damaskus: Dar Al-Fikr, 1418.
Zulfikar, Eko, Almunadi Almunadi, and Apriyanti Apriyanti. “Pengakuan Islam Terhadap Eksistensi Agama Lain: Studi Relevansi Penafsiran Hamka Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Perspektif 16, no. 1 (July 17, 2023): 36–46. https://doi.org/10.53746/perspektif.v16i1.92.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Basri Mahmud, Muhammad Imran, Hardivizon, Muhammad Zakir Husain

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.








