KONTEKSTUALISASI HADIS TENTANG KURANGNYA KECERDASAN PEREMPUAN DAN AGAMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30631/tjd.v23i1.442Keywords:
Perempuan, Kekurangan, Agama, HadisAbstract
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hadis tentang kurangnya kecerdasan perempuan dan agama serta menganalisis penafsirannya berdasarkan pendapat para ulama klasik dan kontemporer. Hal ini juga menyoroti kritik terhadap hadis di kalangan feminis yang berpendapat bahwa dalil tersebut ditafsirkan demi kepentingan laki-laki dan dipengaruhi oleh budaya patriarki. Meskipun jumlah perempuan meningkat dan menjadi mayoritas penduduk dunia dibandingkan laki-laki, faktanya mereka masih mengalami diskriminasi dan penindasan karena berbagai alasan. Penerapan metode kualitatif, digunakan untuk menganalisis secara kritis dalil seputar hadis, sedangkan pendekatan kontekstualigunakan untuk memahami konteks interpretasinya. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perempuan tidak kekurangan kecerdasan dan agama hanya karena dia perempuan. Metode yang berbeda dapat diterapkan dalam memahami hadis yang mengandung konten misoginis. Hal ini karena kata-kata tersebut tidak dapat ditafsirkan secara harfiah, melainkan secara kiasan dan kontekstual; agar tidak terjadi kesalahpahaman terhadap hadis-hadis tentang perempuan di kalangan masyarakat, kemasyarakatan, dan ilmu kemanusiaan.
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Mulizar. “Mengenal Sigat-Sigat Dalam Merepresentasikan Hadis: Analisis Awal Dalam Mengenal Status Hadis.” Al-Bukhari: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis 2, no. 2 (2019): 175–89. https://doi.org/10.32505/al-bukhārī.v2i2.1359.
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Parera. Teori Semantik. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2019.
Putri, Sukma Ari Ragil. “Potret Stereotip Perempuan Di Media Sosial.” Jurnal Representamen 7, no. 2 (2021): 112–24. https://doi.org/10.30996/representamen.v7i02.5736.
Rahman, Fazlur. Major Themes of the Qur’an. Chicago: Bibliotheca Islamica, 1980.
Ramli, Mohd Anuar, Shahidra Abdul Khalil, Mohammad Aizat Jamaludin, Saadan Man, Ahmad Badri Abdullah, and Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor. “Muslim Exegeses Perspective on Creation of the First Woman: A Brief Discussion.” Middle East Journal of Scientific Research 13, no. 1 (2018): 41–44. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.13.1.1757.
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Syah, Irfan Padlian, and Mus’idul Millah. “Perspektif Hermeneutika Fatima Mernissi Dalam Memahami Hadits Misoginis.” El-Sunnah: Jurnal Kajian Hadis Dan Integrasi Ilmu 4, no. 2 (2023): 91–104.
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Wahyu, Suwandi, and Aunur Rofiq. “Feminism in Islam: Its Relation to the Rights and Responsibilities of Career Women in Domestic Spaces.” International Journal of Nusantara Islam 11, no. 2 (December 21, 2023): 289–99. https://doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v11i2.27967.
Zein Ed-Dīn, Nazirah. “Removing the Veil and Veiling.” Women’s Studies International Forum 5, no. 2 (1992): 221–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-5395(82)90029-2.
Zubaidi. “Pemahaman Ayat Misogini Dalam Al-Qur’an: (Analisis Terhadap Metode Penafsiran Muhammad Mutawalli Al-Sya’rawi).” Yudisia: Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Dan Hukum Islam 12, no. 1 (2021): 93–108. https://doi.org/10.21043/yudisia.v12i1.10170.
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‘Abdullāh, Ḥamīd ‘Alī. “Is Intelligence Gender Specific in Islam?” Retrieved , 2014.
‘Ayyāḍ, Al-Qāḍī. Ikmāl Al-Mu’lim Bi Fawā’id Muslim. Vol. 1. Mesir: Dār al-Wafā, 1998.
Abū Shaqqah, ‘Abd al-Ḥalīm. Taḥrīr Al-Mar’ah Fī ‘Asr Al-Risālah. Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1999.
Al-’Alwani, Taha. J. “The Testimony of Women in Islamic Law.” American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 13, no. 2 (1996): 173–96.
Al-Bukhārī, Abū ‘Abdillāh Muḥammad bin Ismā’īl. Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī. Damaskus: Dār Ibnu Kaṡīr, 1993.
Al-Naisābūrī, Abū al-Ḥusain Muslim bin al-Ḥajjāj al-QusyairI. Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. Kairo: Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī, 1955.
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al-Sijistānī, Abū Dāwud Sulaimān bin al-Asy’aṡ bin Isḥāq bin Basyīr bin Syaddād bin ‘Amr al-Azdī. Sunan Abū Dāwud. Vol. 3. Beirūt: al-Maktabah al-Iṣriyah, n.d.
al-Tirmiżī, Muḥammad bin ‘Īsā bin Sūrah bin Mūsa bin al-Ḍaḥḥāk Abū ‘Īsa. Sunan Al-Tirmiżī. Vol. 3. Mesir: Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī, 1975.
Al-Tirmiżī, Muḥammad bin ‘Īsa bin Sūrah Mūsa bin al-Ḍaḥḥāk Abū ‘Īsa. Sunan Al-Tirmiżī. Mesir: Muṣṭafā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī, 1975.
Ali, Kecia. Sexual Ethics and Islam: Feminist Reflections on Quran, Hadith and Jurisprudence. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2016.
Ansori, Ibnu Hajar. “Akal Dan Agama Perempuan (Perspektif Hadis Nabi Dan Psikologi).” Universum: Jurnal Keislaman Dan Kebudayaan 12, no. 1 (2018): 9–20. https://doi.org/10.30762/universum.v12i1.
Asad, Muhammad. The Message of the Qur’an. Gibraltar: Dar al-Andalus, 1980.
Barlas, Asma. “Believing Women.” In Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Quran, 31–33. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2012.
Bauer, Karen. “Debates on Women’s Status as Judges and Witnesses in Post-Formative Islamic Law.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 10, no. 1 (2010): 1–21.
Elviandri. “Pembacaan Kaum Feminis Terhadap Hadits-Hadits Misoginis Dalam Ṣahīh Bukhāri.” Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 19, no. 2 (2019): 243–57. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v19i2.243-257.
Hafidzi, Anwar, and Safruddin Safruddin. “Konsep Hukum Tentang Radha’ah Dalam Penentuan Nasab.” Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora 13, no. 2 (September 30, 2017): 283. https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v13i2.1615.
Hassan, Riffat. “Challenging the Stereotypes of Fundamentalism: An Islamic Feminist Perspective.” The Muslim World 1, no. 2 (2001): 12–23.
———. “Islam and Human Rights in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of the Positions of Three Contemporary Women.” Canadian Foreign Policy Journal 10, no. 1 (2002): 131–55.
———. “The Issue of Woman-Man Equality in the Islamic Tradition.” In Women’s and Men’s Liberation: Testimonies of Spirit, edited by R. Hassan, & H. Gordon L. Grob, 112–23. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.
Junus, Mahmud. Tarjamah Alquram Al-Karim. Bandung: Almaarif, 1993.
Kaṡīr, Abū al-Fadā’ Ismā’īl bin ‘Umar bin. Tafsīr Alquran Al-‘Aẓīm. Vol. 1. Arab Saudi: Dār al-Ṭayyib, 1999.
Khair, Nur Saadah. “Women and Hadith: A Thematic Study.” Journal of Academic Perspectives, no. 1 (2016): 1–18.
Khan, Israr Ahmad. “Authentication of Hadith: Redefining the Criteria.” The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 4, no. 24 (2017): 50–73.
Lestari, Puput Dwi. “Kriteria Ittisal Al-Sanad Menurut Bukhari Dan Muslim Serta Transformasinya Di Kitab-Kitab Mu’tabarah.” TAHDIS: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Al-Hadis 14, no. 1 (2023): 61–72. https://doi.org/10.24252/tahdis.v14i1.11844.
Louann, Brizendine. Female Brain: Mengungkap Misteri Otak Perempuan. Jakarta: Ufuk Press, 2020.
Mājah, Abū ‘Abdillāh Muḥammad bin Yazīd Ibnu. Sunan Ibnu Mājah. al-Su’ūd: Dār al-Ṣadīq, 2014.
Mernissi, Fatima. The Veil and the Male Elie: A Feminist Interpretation of Women’s Right in Islam. Cambridge: Massachusetts, 1991.
Mudah, Nur Ma. “PEREMPUAN DALAM RELASI KUASA TAFSIR AL QUR’AN: Telaah Atas Corak Tafsir Ummu Salamah R.A.” PALASTREN. Vol. 6, 2013.
Muhid, Moh Imron Imron, and Andris Nurita. “Ke-’adalah-an Aisyah Perspektif Syiah Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Hadis Nabi.” Al-Bukhari : Jurnal Ilmu Hadis 6, no. 1 (May 25, 2023): 66–91. https://doi.org/10.32505/al-bukhari.v6i1.5309.
Mukaromah, Kholilah. “Wacana Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Meme Hadis: Studi Etnografi Virtual Pada Akun Instagram @Mubadalah.Id.” Mutawatir: Jurnal Keilmuan Tafsir Hadith 10, no. 2 (2020): 293–320. https://doi.org/10.15642/mutawatir.2020.10.2.292-320.
Mulizar. “Mengenal Sigat-Sigat Dalam Merepresentasikan Hadis: Analisis Awal Dalam Mengenal Status Hadis.” Al-Bukhari: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis 2, no. 2 (2019): 175–89. https://doi.org/10.32505/al-bukhārī.v2i2.1359.
Mundzir, Muhammad, and Rania Nurul Rizkia. “Hadis Pengakuan Atas Hak-Hak Perempuan: Reinterpretasi Muhammad Al-Ghazali.” TAHDIS: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Al-Hadis 10, no. 2 (2019): 125–54. https://doi.org/10.24252/tahdis.v10i2.11086.
Parera. Teori Semantik. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2019.
Putri, Sukma Ari Ragil. “Potret Stereotip Perempuan Di Media Sosial.” Jurnal Representamen 7, no. 2 (2021): 112–24. https://doi.org/10.30996/representamen.v7i02.5736.
Rahman, Fazlur. Major Themes of the Qur’an. Chicago: Bibliotheca Islamica, 1980.
Ramli, Mohd Anuar, Shahidra Abdul Khalil, Mohammad Aizat Jamaludin, Saadan Man, Ahmad Badri Abdullah, and Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor. “Muslim Exegeses Perspective on Creation of the First Woman: A Brief Discussion.” Middle East Journal of Scientific Research 13, no. 1 (2018): 41–44. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2013.13.1.1757.
Shihab, Quraish. Membumikan Alquran: Fungsi Dan Peran Wahyu Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2017.
Stowasser, Barbara. Women in the Qur’an, Traditions, and Interpretation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
Subhan, Zaitunah. Tafsir Kebencian Bias Gender Dalam Tafsir Qur’an. Yogyakarta: LKis, 1999.
Sukmanila Sayska, Dwi. “PERAN UMAHATUL MUKMININ DALAM PERIWAYATAN HADIS,” 2020.
Sulistiani, Syafira. “Wanita Dan Neraka (Telaah Kritis Terhadap Hadis Banyaknya Wanita Yang Menjadi Penghuni Neraka).” El-Afkar: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman Dan Tafsir Hadis 7, no. 2 (2018): 11–24. https://doi.org/10.29300/jpkth.v7i2.1596.
Syah, Irfan Padlian, and Mus’idul Millah. “Perspektif Hermeneutika Fatima Mernissi Dalam Memahami Hadits Misoginis.” El-Sunnah: Jurnal Kajian Hadis Dan Integrasi Ilmu 4, no. 2 (2023): 91–104.
Tuksal, Hidayet Sefkatli. Kadın Karşıtı Söylemin İslam Geleneğindeki İzdüşümleri. Ankara: OTTO, 2018.
Tuksal, Hidayet Şefkatli. “Misogynistic Reports in the Hadith Literature Hidayet Şefkatli Tuksal.” In Muslima Theology: The Voices of Muslim Women Theologians, edited by Ednan Aslan, 133–54. Peter Lang AG, 2013.
Wahyu, Suwandi, and Aunur Rofiq. “Feminism in Islam: Its Relation to the Rights and Responsibilities of Career Women in Domestic Spaces.” International Journal of Nusantara Islam 11, no. 2 (December 21, 2023): 289–99. https://doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v11i2.27967.
Zein Ed-Dīn, Nazirah. “Removing the Veil and Veiling.” Women’s Studies International Forum 5, no. 2 (1992): 221–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-5395(82)90029-2.
Zubaidi. “Pemahaman Ayat Misogini Dalam Al-Qur’an: (Analisis Terhadap Metode Penafsiran Muhammad Mutawalli Al-Sya’rawi).” Yudisia: Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Dan Hukum Islam 12, no. 1 (2021): 93–108. https://doi.org/10.21043/yudisia.v12i1.10170.
Zulaiha, Eni. “Tafsir Peminis: Sejarah, Paradigma Dan Standar Validitas Tafsir Feminis.” Al-Bayan: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an Dan Tafsir 1, no. 1 (2016): 17–26. https://doi.org/10.15575/al-bayan.v1i1.1671.
